Robert (Bob) Aitken taught flute at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1962-1978).

Robert (Bob) Aitken taught flute at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1962-1978).

Robert (Bob) Aitken taught flute at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1962-1978).

Robert (Bob) Aitken taught flute at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1962-1978).

Robert (Bob) Aitken taught flute at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1962-1978).

Robert (Bob) Aitken taught flute at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1962-1978).

Robert (Bob) Aitken taught flute at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1962-1978).

Myron Schaeffer was born on November 11, 1908 in Barberton, Ohio. He studied at Oberlin College and Conservatory, and then at Western Reserve University, where he received his Doctor of Music (1937). He then continued his studies in Europe with Sir Donald Tovey and the Solesmes monks, before returning to New York to study composition with Joseph Schillinger. In 1940-1941, he taught graduate seminars at Columbia University and then accepted a post in Panama as Dean of the College of Arts and Science and director of the Inter-American Institute of Folklore Investigation. Following some time in Mexico, England, Switzerland, and Germany, he accepted a position at the Faculty of Music, University of Toronto. There, he founded Canada's first Electronic Music Studio (UTEMS) with Arnold Walter, director of the Faculty of Music, in May 1959. Schaeffer continued as director of the Studio until his death in 1965.

John Beckwith (born March 9, 1927 in Victoria, British Columbia) is a composer, pianist, author, and teacher. He moved to Toronto in 1945 to study piano with Alberto Guerrero at the Royal Conservatory. He also studied composition in Paris with Nadia Boulanger (1950-1951) and has a Mus.B. (1947) and Mus.M. (1961) from the University of Toronto, where he studied with John Weinzweig, among others. He began lecturing part-time at the University of Toronto in 1952, taught full-time from 1955 to 1990, and was dean of the Faculty of Music from 1970 to 1977. He was also the director for the Institute for Canadian Music at the Faculty of Music and held the Jean A. Chalmers professorship in Canadian music.His over 160 compositions include four operas, orchestral, chamber, solo and choral works, and he has published critical and scholarly articles in Canadian music studies. He was also a staff (1953-1955) and freelance (1955-1965) script-writer and programmer for Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) music series, and a critic and columnist for the Toronto Star (1959-1962, 1963-1965).Beckwith holds five honorary doctorates from Canadian Universities, and received the Canadian Music Council’s annual medal (1972) and the Composer of the Year citation (1984), the Toronto Arts award for music (1995), and the Diplome d’honneur of the Canadian Conference of the Arts (1996). He was named a member of the Order of Canada in 1987.Beckwith passed away in Toronto, Ontario on December 5, 2022.

John Beckwith (born March 9, 1927 in Victoria, British Columbia) is a composer, pianist, author, and teacher. He moved to Toronto in 1945 to study piano with Alberto Guerrero at the Royal Conservatory. He also studied composition in Paris with Nadia Boulanger (1950-1951) and has a Mus.B. (1947) and Mus.M. (1961) from the University of Toronto, where he studied with John Weinzweig, among others. He began lecturing part-time at the University of Toronto in 1952, taught full-time from 1955 to 1990, and was dean of the Faculty of Music from 1970 to 1977. He was also the director for the Institute for Canadian Music at the Faculty of Music and held the Jean A. Chalmers professorship in Canadian music.His over 160 compositions include four operas, orchestral, chamber, solo and choral works, and he has published critical and scholarly articles in Canadian music studies. He was also a staff (1953-1955) and freelance (1955-1965) script-writer and programmer for Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) music series, and a critic and columnist for the Toronto Star (1959-1962, 1963-1965).Beckwith holds five honorary doctorates from Canadian Universities, and received the Canadian Music Council’s annual medal (1972) and the Composer of the Year citation (1984), the Toronto Arts award for music (1995), and the Diplome d’honneur of the Canadian Conference of the Arts (1996). He was named a member of the Order of Canada in 1987.Beckwith passed away in Toronto, Ontario on December 5, 2022.

John Beckwith (born March 9, 1927 in Victoria, British Columbia) is a composer, pianist, author, and teacher. He moved to Toronto in 1945 to study piano with Alberto Guerrero at the Royal Conservatory. He also studied composition in Paris with Nadia Boulanger (1950-1951) and has a Mus.B. (1947) and Mus.M. (1961) from the University of Toronto, where he studied with John Weinzweig, among others. He began lecturing part-time at the University of Toronto in 1952, taught full-time from 1955 to 1990, and was dean of the Faculty of Music from 1970 to 1977. He was also the director for the Institute for Canadian Music at the Faculty of Music and held the Jean A. Chalmers professorship in Canadian music.His over 160 compositions include four operas, orchestral, chamber, solo and choral works, and he has published critical and scholarly articles in Canadian music studies. He was also a staff (1953-1955) and freelance (1955-1965) script-writer and programmer for Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) music series, and a critic and columnist for the Toronto Star (1959-1962, 1963-1965).Beckwith holds five honorary doctorates from Canadian Universities, and received the Canadian Music Council’s annual medal (1972) and the Composer of the Year citation (1984), the Toronto Arts award for music (1995), and the Diplome d’honneur of the Canadian Conference of the Arts (1996). He was named a member of the Order of Canada in 1987.Beckwith passed away in Toronto, Ontario on December 5, 2022.

John Beckwith (born March 9, 1927 in Victoria, British Columbia) is a composer, pianist, author, and teacher. He moved to Toronto in 1945 to study piano with Alberto Guerrero at the Royal Conservatory. He also studied composition in Paris with Nadia Boulanger (1950-1951) and has a Mus.B. (1947) and Mus.M. (1961) from the University of Toronto, where he studied with John Weinzweig, among others. He began lecturing part-time at the University of Toronto in 1952, taught full-time from 1955 to 1990, and was dean of the Faculty of Music from 1970 to 1977. He was also the director for the Institute for Canadian Music at the Faculty of Music and held the Jean A. Chalmers professorship in Canadian music.His over 160 compositions include four operas, orchestral, chamber, solo and choral works, and he has published critical and scholarly articles in Canadian music studies. He was also a staff (1953-1955) and freelance (1955-1965) script-writer and programmer for Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) music series, and a critic and columnist for the Toronto Star (1959-1962, 1963-1965).Beckwith holds five honorary doctorates from Canadian Universities, and received the Canadian Music Council’s annual medal (1972) and the Composer of the Year citation (1984), the Toronto Arts award for music (1995), and the Diplome d’honneur of the Canadian Conference of the Arts (1996). He was named a member of the Order of Canada in 1987.Beckwith passed away in Toronto, Ontario on December 5, 2022.

John Beckwith (born March 9, 1927 in Victoria, British Columbia) is a composer, pianist, author, and teacher. He moved to Toronto in 1945 to study piano with Alberto Guerrero at the Royal Conservatory. He also studied composition in Paris with Nadia Boulanger (1950-1951) and has a Mus.B. (1947) and Mus.M. (1961) from the University of Toronto, where he studied with John Weinzweig, among others. He began lecturing part-time at the University of Toronto in 1952, taught full-time from 1955 to 1990, and was dean of the Faculty of Music from 1970 to 1977. He was also the director for the Institute for Canadian Music at the Faculty of Music and held the Jean A. Chalmers professorship in Canadian music.His over 160 compositions include four operas, orchestral, chamber, solo and choral works, and he has published critical and scholarly articles in Canadian music studies. He was also a staff (1953-1955) and freelance (1955-1965) script-writer and programmer for Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) music series, and a critic and columnist for the Toronto Star (1959-1962, 1963-1965).Beckwith holds five honorary doctorates from Canadian Universities, and received the Canadian Music Council’s annual medal (1972) and the Composer of the Year citation (1984), the Toronto Arts award for music (1995), and the Diplome d’honneur of the Canadian Conference of the Arts (1996). He was named a member of the Order of Canada in 1987.Beckwith passed away in Toronto, Ontario on December 5, 2022.

John Beckwith (born March 9, 1927 in Victoria, British Columbia) is a composer, pianist, author, and teacher. He moved to Toronto in 1945 to study piano with Alberto Guerrero at the Royal Conservatory. He also studied composition in Paris with Nadia Boulanger (1950-1951) and has a Mus.B. (1947) and Mus.M. (1961) from the University of Toronto, where he studied with John Weinzweig, among others. He began lecturing part-time at the University of Toronto in 1952, taught full-time from 1955 to 1990, and was dean of the Faculty of Music from 1970 to 1977. He was also the director for the Institute for Canadian Music at the Faculty of Music and held the Jean A. Chalmers professorship in Canadian music.His over 160 compositions include four operas, orchestral, chamber, solo and choral works, and he has published critical and scholarly articles in Canadian music studies. He was also a staff (1953-1955) and freelance (1955-1965) script-writer and programmer for Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) music series, and a critic and columnist for the Toronto Star (1959-1962, 1963-1965).Beckwith holds five honorary doctorates from Canadian Universities, and received the Canadian Music Council’s annual medal (1972) and the Composer of the Year citation (1984), the Toronto Arts award for music (1995), and the Diplome d’honneur of the Canadian Conference of the Arts (1996). He was named a member of the Order of Canada in 1987.Beckwith passed away in Toronto, Ontario on December 5, 2022.

The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) is Canada's national broadcasting system, created in 1936. It replaced the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission (CRBC), established in 1932.

The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) is Canada's national broadcasting system, created in 1936. It replaced the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission (CRBC), established in 1932.

Gustav Ciamaga was born on April 10, 1930 and is predominantly known for his work in electronic music. He studied at the University of Western Ontario (1951-1954) while also studying privately with Gordon Delamont, before attending the University of Toronto where he studied with John Weinzweig and John Beckwith. He received is Master of Fine Arts (MFA) from Brandeis University, where he studied with Arthur Berger, Harold Shapero, and Irving Fine. He organized an electronic studio at Brandeis University in 1963, before joining the faculty at the University of Toronto (1963), where he became the director of the Electronic Music Studio in 1965. He was also the chairman of the theory and composition department (1968) and then dean of the Faculty of Music (1977-1984) and acting principal of the Royal Conservatory of Music Toronto (RCMT, 1983-1984). He passed away on June 11, 2011.

Gustav Ciamaga was born on April 10, 1930 and is predominantly known for his work in electronic music. He studied at the University of Western Ontario (1951-1954) while also studying privately with Gordon Delamont, before attending the University of Toronto where he studied with John Weinzweig and John Beckwith. He received is Master of Fine Arts (MFA) from Brandeis University, where he studied with Arthur Berger, Harold Shapero, and Irving Fine. He organized an electronic studio at Brandeis University in 1963, before joining the faculty at the University of Toronto (1963), where he became the director of the Electronic Music Studio in 1965. He was also the chairman of the theory and composition department (1968) and then dean of the Faculty of Music (1977-1984) and acting principal of the Royal Conservatory of Music Toronto (RCMT, 1983-1984). He passed away on June 11, 2011.

Gustav Ciamaga was born on April 10, 1930 and is predominantly known for his work in electronic music. He studied at the University of Western Ontario (1951-1954) while also studying privately with Gordon Delamont, before attending the University of Toronto where he studied with John Weinzweig and John Beckwith. He received is Master of Fine Arts (MFA) from Brandeis University, where he studied with Arthur Berger, Harold Shapero, and Irving Fine. He organized an electronic studio at Brandeis University in 1963, before joining the faculty at the University of Toronto (1963), where he became the director of the Electronic Music Studio in 1965. He was also the chairman of the theory and composition department (1968) and then dean of the Faculty of Music (1977-1984) and acting principal of the Royal Conservatory of Music Toronto (RCMT, 1983-1984). He passed away on June 11, 2011.

Gustav Ciamaga was born on April 10, 1930 and is predominantly known for his work in electronic music. He studied at the University of Western Ontario (1951-1954) while also studying privately with Gordon Delamont, before attending the University of Toronto where he studied with John Weinzweig and John Beckwith. He received is Master of Fine Arts (MFA) from Brandeis University, where he studied with Arthur Berger, Harold Shapero, and Irving Fine. He organized an electronic studio at Brandeis University in 1963, before joining the faculty at the University of Toronto (1963), where he became the director of the Electronic Music Studio in 1965. He was also the chairman of the theory and composition department (1968) and then dean of the Faculty of Music (1977-1984) and acting principal of the Royal Conservatory of Music Toronto (RCMT, 1983-1984). He passed away on June 11, 2011.

Gustav Ciamaga was born on April 10, 1930 and is predominantly known for his work in electronic music. He studied at the University of Western Ontario (1951-1954) while also studying privately with Gordon Delamont, before attending the University of Toronto where he studied with John Weinzweig and John Beckwith. He received is Master of Fine Arts (MFA) from Brandeis University, where he studied with Arthur Berger, Harold Shapero, and Irving Fine. He organized an electronic studio at Brandeis University in 1963, before joining the faculty at the University of Toronto (1963), where he became the director of the Electronic Music Studio in 1965. He was also the chairman of the theory and composition department (1968) and then dean of the Faculty of Music (1977-1984) and acting principal of the Royal Conservatory of Music Toronto (RCMT, 1983-1984). He passed away on June 11, 2011.

Gustav Ciamaga was born on April 10, 1930 and is predominantly known for his work in electronic music. He studied at the University of Western Ontario (1951-1954) while also studying privately with Gordon Delamont, before attending the University of Toronto where he studied with John Weinzweig and John Beckwith. He received is Master of Fine Arts (MFA) from Brandeis University, where he studied with Arthur Berger, Harold Shapero, and Irving Fine. He organized an electronic studio at Brandeis University in 1963, before joining the faculty at the University of Toronto (1963), where he became the director of the Electronic Music Studio in 1965. He was also the chairman of the theory and composition department (1968) and then dean of the Faculty of Music (1977-1984) and acting principal of the Royal Conservatory of Music Toronto (RCMT, 1983-1984). He passed away on June 11, 2011.

Gustav Ciamaga was born on April 10, 1930 and is predominantly known for his work in electronic music. He studied at the University of Western Ontario (1951-1954) while also studying privately with Gordon Delamont, before attending the University of Toronto where he studied with John Weinzweig and John Beckwith. He received is Master of Fine Arts (MFA) from Brandeis University, where he studied with Arthur Berger, Harold Shapero, and Irving Fine. He organized an electronic studio at Brandeis University in 1963, before joining the faculty at the University of Toronto (1963), where he became the director of the Electronic Music Studio in 1965. He was also the chairman of the theory and composition department (1968) and then dean of the Faculty of Music (1977-1984) and acting principal of the Royal Conservatory of Music Toronto (RCMT, 1983-1984). He passed away on June 11, 2011.

Gustav Ciamaga was born on April 10, 1930 and is predominantly known for his work in electronic music. He studied at the University of Western Ontario (1951-1954) while also studying privately with Gordon Delamont, before attending the University of Toronto where he studied with John Weinzweig and John Beckwith. He received is Master of Fine Arts (MFA) from Brandeis University, where he studied with Arthur Berger, Harold Shapero, and Irving Fine. He organized an electronic studio at Brandeis University in 1963, before joining the faculty at the University of Toronto (1963), where he became the director of the Electronic Music Studio in 1965. He was also the chairman of the theory and composition department (1968) and then dean of the Faculty of Music (1977-1984) and acting principal of the Royal Conservatory of Music Toronto (RCMT, 1983-1984). He passed away on June 11, 2011.

Gustav Ciamaga was born on April 10, 1930 and is predominantly known for his work in electronic music. He studied at the University of Western Ontario (1951-1954) while also studying privately with Gordon Delamont, before attending the University of Toronto where he studied with John Weinzweig and John Beckwith. He received is Master of Fine Arts (MFA) from Brandeis University, where he studied with Arthur Berger, Harold Shapero, and Irving Fine. He organized an electronic studio at Brandeis University in 1963, before joining the faculty at the University of Toronto (1963), where he became the director of the Electronic Music Studio in 1965. He was also the chairman of the theory and composition department (1968) and then dean of the Faculty of Music (1977-1984) and acting principal of the Royal Conservatory of Music Toronto (RCMT, 1983-1984). He passed away on June 11, 2011.

Gustav Ciamaga was born on April 10, 1930 and is predominantly known for his work in electronic music. He studied at the University of Western Ontario (1951-1954) while also studying privately with Gordon Delamont, before attending the University of Toronto where he studied with John Weinzweig and John Beckwith. He received is Master of Fine Arts (MFA) from Brandeis University, where he studied with Arthur Berger, Harold Shapero, and Irving Fine. He organized an electronic studio at Brandeis University in 1963, before joining the faculty at the University of Toronto (1963), where he became the director of the Electronic Music Studio in 1965. He was also the chairman of the theory and composition department (1968) and then dean of the Faculty of Music (1977-1984) and acting principal of the Royal Conservatory of Music Toronto (RCMT, 1983-1984). He passed away on June 11, 2011.

Gustav Ciamaga was born on April 10, 1930 and is predominantly known for his work in electronic music. He studied at the University of Western Ontario (1951-1954) while also studying privately with Gordon Delamont, before attending the University of Toronto where he studied with John Weinzweig and John Beckwith. He received is Master of Fine Arts (MFA) from Brandeis University, where he studied with Arthur Berger, Harold Shapero, and Irving Fine. He organized an electronic studio at Brandeis University in 1963, before joining the faculty at the University of Toronto (1963), where he became the director of the Electronic Music Studio in 1965. He was also the chairman of the theory and composition department (1968) and then dean of the Faculty of Music (1977-1984) and acting principal of the Royal Conservatory of Music Toronto (RCMT, 1983-1984). He passed away on June 11, 2011.

Lowell Cross attended the University of Toronto from 1964-1968 as a graduate student in electronic music and musicology. His *Bibliography of Electronic Music* (University of Toronto Press) and his Toronto thesis, “Electronic Music, 1948-1953” were published during this period. He worked with the late Harry Somers on the 4 channel tape segments for the opera *Louis Riel*. Lowell later developed laser projection systems culminating in his invention of the “laser light show”. His installation at Expo ’70 , Osaka, Japan was the first major public laser-art projection system, which was seen by over 2,000,000 visitors. He later was Professor of Music and Director of Recording Studios at the University of Iowa.

Lowell Cross attended the University of Toronto from 1964-1968 as a graduate student in electronic music and musicology. His *Bibliography of Electronic Music* (University of Toronto Press) and his Toronto thesis, “Electronic Music, 1948-1953” were published during this period. He worked with the late Harry Somers on the 4 channel tape segments for the opera *Louis Riel*. Lowell later developed laser projection systems culminating in his invention of the “laser light show”. His installation at Expo ’70 , Osaka, Japan was the first major public laser-art projection system, which was seen by over 2,000,000 visitors. He later was Professor of Music and Director of Recording Studios at the University of Iowa.

Harry Freedman taught musical theory and composition at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1989-1992) and was the Jean Chalmers Professor and director of the Institute for Canadian Music (1990-1992).

Lowell Cross attended the University of Toronto from 1964-1968 as a graduate student in electronic music and musicology. His *Bibliography of Electronic Music* (University of Toronto Press) and his Toronto thesis, “Electronic Music, 1948-1953” were published during this period. He worked with the late Harry Somers on the 4 channel tape segments for the opera *Louis Riel*. Lowell later developed laser projection systems culminating in his invention of the “laser light show”. His installation at Expo ’70 , Osaka, Japan was the first major public laser-art projection system, which was seen by over 2,000,000 visitors. He later was Professor of Music and Director of Recording Studios at the University of Iowa.

Lowell Cross attended the University of Toronto from 1964-1968 as a graduate student in electronic music and musicology. His *Bibliography of Electronic Music* (University of Toronto Press) and his Toronto thesis, “Electronic Music, 1948-1953” were published during this period. He worked with the late Harry Somers on the 4 channel tape segments for the opera *Louis Riel*. Lowell later developed laser projection systems culminating in his invention of the “laser light show”. His installation at Expo ’70 , Osaka, Japan was the first major public laser-art projection system, which was seen by over 2,000,000 visitors. He later was Professor of Music and Director of Recording Studios at the University of Iowa.

Lowell Cross attended the University of Toronto from 1964-1968 as a graduate student in electronic music and musicology. His *Bibliography of Electronic Music* (University of Toronto Press) and his Toronto thesis, “Electronic Music, 1948-1953” were published during this period. He worked with the late Harry Somers on the 4 channel tape segments for the opera *Louis Riel*. Lowell later developed laser projection systems culminating in his invention of the “laser light show”. His installation at Expo ’70 , Osaka, Japan was the first major public laser-art projection system, which was seen by over 2,000,000 visitors. He later was Professor of Music and Director of Recording Studios at the University of Iowa.

Lowell Cross attended the University of Toronto from 1964-1968 as a graduate student in electronic music and musicology. His *Bibliography of Electronic Music* (University of Toronto Press) and his Toronto thesis, “Electronic Music, 1948-1953” were published during this period. He worked with the late Harry Somers on the 4 channel tape segments for the opera *Louis Riel*. Lowell later developed laser projection systems culminating in his invention of the “laser light show”. His installation at Expo ’70 , Osaka, Japan was the first major public laser-art projection system, which was seen by over 2,000,000 visitors. He later was Professor of Music and Director of Recording Studios at the University of Iowa.

Dr. Peter Zinovieff established Electronic Music Studios (London) Ltd. (EMS) in 1969 and was its director until 1979, at which time the company's assets were bought by Datanomics. It was later sold again, and Robin Wood acquired the full rights of EMS in 1995. Individuals involved in the company include Tristram Cary (director, 1969-1973), David Cockerell (analogue/digital design, 1969-1972), Robin Wood (sales/demonstrator, 1970- ), Alan Sutcliffe (software, 1969-1979), Peter Grogono (software, 1969-1979), Jim Lawson (software, 1973-1976), John Holbrook (studio assistant/sales demonstrator, 1971-1972), Graham Wood (service manager, 1971-1977), Peter Eastty (digital design, 1972-1977), Richard Monkhouse (digital and video design, 1972-1975), Tim Orr (analogue design, 1972-1977), and Graham Hinton (analogue/digital design, 1978-1979).

Robert Falck was born September 14, 1937 in Silver Spring, Maryland. He studied musicology at Brandeis University and in Göttingen as a Fulbright fellow. Falck moved to Toronto in 1967 to accept a teaching position at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music. He served twice as Acting Dean (1981, 1995-6) and once as Associate Dean (1979-83), during his more than thirty years (1968-2003) at the Faculty of Music. He supervised over a dozen PhD dissertations, and many of his students are teaching at universities all over the country. Early in his career he published articles, books and dictionary/encyclopedia articles in the field of medieval music, focusing on polyphonic and monophonic music of the 12th and 13th centuries. In more recent years his research and publication interest shifted to the twentieth century, and he produced a number of published and some unpublished papers especially on Arnold Schoenberg, but also on Alban Berg, Anton Webern and Stefan Wolpe. His teaching largely reflected those diverse interests, but in 1970 he was also the first to teach a course on jazz at this university and probably in all of Canada.Falck passed away in Toronto, Ontario on December 2, 2023 at the age of 86.

Harry Freedman taught musical theory and composition at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1989-1992) and was the Jean Chalmers Professor and director of the Institute for Canadian Music (1990-1992).

Harry Freedman taught musical theory and composition at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1989-1992) and was the Jean Chalmers Professor and director of the Institute for Canadian Music (1990-1992).

Harry Freedman taught musical theory and composition at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1989-1992) and was the Jean Chalmers Professor and director of the Institute for Canadian Music (1990-1992).

Gustav Ciamaga was born on April 10, 1930 and is predominantly known for his work in electronic music. He studied at the University of Western Ontario (1951-1954) while also studying privately with Gordon Delamont, before attending the University of Toronto where he studied with John Weinzweig and John Beckwith. He received is Master of Fine Arts (MFA) from Brandeis University, where he studied with Arthur Berger, Harold Shapero, and Irving Fine. He organized an electronic studio at Brandeis University in 1963, before joining the faculty at the University of Toronto (1963), where he became the director of the Electronic Music Studio in 1965. He was also the chairman of the theory and composition department (1968) and then dean of the Faculty of Music (1977-1984) and acting principal of the Royal Conservatory of Music Toronto (RCMT, 1983-1984). He passed away on June 11, 2011.

Hugh Le Caine, physicist and instrument builder, was born Port Arthur (Thunder Bay), 27 May 1914, and died in Ottawa 3 July 1977. He worked with the National Research Council in Ottawa from 1940 to 1974, concentrating on musical activities after 1954. He created over twenty electronic instruments, and produced at least fifteen electroacoustic compositions.

Composer, organist, and teacher Derek Healey was born in Wargrave, England in 1936 and studied with Herbert Howells at the Royal College of Music, London (1952-1956). He received his Bachelor of Music degree from the University of Durham in 1961, and continued his studies at graduate summer school at the Accademia Musicale Chigiana in Siena (1961-1963, 1966) with Vito Frazzi, Francesco Lavagnino, and Goffredo Petrassi. He also studied with composer Boris Porena in Rome (1962-1963) before moving to Canada in 1969, where he taught at the University of Victoria (1969-1971), University of Toronto (1971-1972), Waterloo Lutheran University (1971-1972), and the University of Guelph (1972-1978). He received his doctorate (D Mus, 1974).Healey then joined the Department of Music at the University of Oregon in 1978, where he taught until 1988, when he accepted a position at the Royal Air Force (RAF) School of Music in Uxbridge, England. He retired from teaching in 1996 and moved to Brooklyn, New York, where he continues to live with his wife Olive Healey.Healey's early compositions are marked by a neo-classic style, before showing atonal and aleatoric influences in the 1960s. His move to Canada in 1969 spurred an interest in ethnic music. Reflecting on his compositional style, Healey writes that:"The first pieces with which I am satisfied were written in the Neo-Classic style, a style which appealed to me coming from an organist's background; the composers I particularly liked were Hindemith and Milhaud. After some four or five years I became concerned with the strict limitations of classicism and this resulted in a period in Italy where I studied the techniques of the Second Viennese and Post-Webern schools with Boris Porena and Goffredo Petrassi. The techniques of these composers have stayed with me ever since as a continuum on which to place other current interests, the most important of these being ethnic music (N.W. Canadian and other Pacific based musics) and also techniques learnt from electronic music."Since I have lived for considerable periods of time in England, Canada and the U.S.A., I am more conscious than most of the effect the environment has upon musical creativity – the effect of which is to divide one's compositions into a number of clearly definable artistic periods. Despite the resulting compartmentalization of one's creative output, I feel that my music has been true to the different artistic worlds in which I have lived – the resulting divergences being an exciting phenomenon of Global Shrinkage and the Immigrant Twentieth Century Composer" (Canadian Music Centre biography).

Richard Henninger taught musical theory and composition at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1969-1974, on leave 1974-1975).

Richard Henninger taught musical theory and composition at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1969-1974, on leave 1974-1975).

Richard Henninger taught musical theory and composition at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1969-1974, on leave 1974-1975).

Richard Henninger taught musical theory and composition at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1969-1974, on leave 1974-1975).

Richard Henninger taught musical theory and composition at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1969-1974, on leave 1974-1975).

Richard Henninger taught musical theory and composition at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1969-1974, on leave 1974-1975).

Richard Henninger taught musical theory and composition at the University of Toronto Faculty of Music (1969-1974, on leave 1974-1975).