Showing 1812 results

Archival description
University of Toronto Archives and Records Management Services (UTARMS) Martin Lawrence Friedland fonds
Print preview View:

Martin Lawrence Friedland fonds

  • UTA 1294
  • Fonds
  • 1868-2020

Fonds consists of six accessions of records documenting the life of Martin L. Friedland, as a student, professor of law and administrator at the University of Toronto; as an expert on legal matters and a contributor to the formation of public policy at the provincial and federal levels; and as an author of several books and numerous articles, in particular the researching and writing of his book University of Toronto: A History (University of Toronto Press, 2002 & 2013).

See accession-level descriptions for further details.

Friedland, Martin Lawrence

Friedland 1998 accession

Records documenting the life of Martin L. Friedland, as a student, professor of law and administrator at the University of Toronto; as an expert on legal matters and a contributor to the formation of public policy at the provincial and federal levels; and as an author of sixteen books and numerous articles. Also personal records of William Paul McClure Kennedy, professor of law.

Included in this accession is correspondence, certificates and diplomas, diaries, course and lecture notes, memoranda, minutes of meetings, notes, research material, manuscripts, transcripts of oral history interviews, audiotapes, radio scripts, book reviews, books, pamphlets, reports, press clippings, photographs and maps.

Martin L. Friedland personal records

Records documenting the life of Martin L. Friedland, as a student, professor of law and administrator at the University of Toronto; as an expert on legal matters and a contributor to the formation of public policy at the provincial and federal levels; and as an author of sixteen books and numerous articles.

Included in this accession is correspondence, certificates and diplomas, diaries, course and lecture notes, memoranda, minutes of meetings, notes, research material, manuscripts, transcripts of oral history interviews, audiotapes, radio scripts, book reviews, books, pamphlets, reports, press clippings, photographs and maps.

Friedland 1st 2002 accession

Records compiled by Professor Martin Friedland in the researching and writing of his University of Toronto: A history (University of Toronto Press, 2002). Included are correspondence files, files on the structure of the project, research notes and material, drafts of the manuscript, correspondence relating to publication matters, addresses, photographs, audiotapes, books, pamphlets and other publications.

The records document how the project was conceived and carried out, including the evolution of the manuscript and discussions over the shaping of the book. One consequence was putting the footnotes on line, a first for the University of Toronto Press, and also issuing them in a separate hardcopy volume. The records document the major issues at the University and, by extension, in higher education in Ontario over more than 175 years. The research reports, correspondence from academics, university administrators and graduates from across North America, original material forwarded by individuals, and the commentaries by some sixty people who read the whole manuscript, together provide extra breadth and depth to this historical record of the University.

Correspondence

The correspondents in this series number just under four hundred individuals, of whom sixty-two read and commented on the entire manuscript (these names are listed on page 723 of the 2002 hardcover edition). The correspondents include Professor Friedland’s research assistants, archivists in the University of Toronto Archives, officials and editors at the University of Toronto Press, other editors, writers and independent researchers with an interest in the University’s history, and members of the public that Professor Friedland met in the course of his research and his giving of talks about the history of the University. The majority of the correspondents are academics and administrative personnel at the University of Toronto and elsewhere who were asked for information or offered their expertise. Some of the correspondence is post-publication reaction to the book.

The research assistants (in addition to those listed in Series I), are Sara Burke, David Bronskill, Colin Grey, Graham Rawlinson and Katrina Wyman. Of the staff in the University of Toronto Archives, Harold Averill was seconded part-time to the project to direct the researchers to the appropriate sources in the University Archives, to offer his knowledge of the history of the University and to read the manuscript. Other correspondents from the Archives are Garron Wells (University Archivist), Marnee Gamble (special media archivist) and Loryl MacDonald (administrative records archivist). The University of Toronto Press, the publisher of the book, is represented by Val Cooke, Ani Deyirmenjian, Malgosia Halliop, Bill Harnum, Anne Laughlin,
Melissa Pitts, and Ron Schoeffel. Presidents (past and current) of the University represented are: Robert Birgeneau, Claude Bissell, George Connell, Robert Prichard, and David Strangway. Some of the academics and university administrators forwarded drafts of articles or excerpts from books they were writing, while others commented on the manuscript or portions thereof. Papers or lengthy memoranda and reports are present on a cross-section of activities, disciplines themes and individuals relating to the University including (with the names of the correspondents in brackets). They include the admission of women (Sara Burke), botanical gardens (John Court), chemistry (Susanne McClelland), Connaught Laboratories (George Connell), engineering (Richard White), fees policy (David Stager), gays and lesbians (David Rayside), Jacob Hirschfelder (Sheldon J. Godfrey), Margaret Eaton School (John Byl), history of medicine (Jacalyn Duffin), medicine (David Bronskill), No. 4 General Hospital at Salonika, Greece during World War I (Mary Louise Gaby), philosophy (John Slater), the proposed Wolfe’s University (D. V. Anderson), women (Katrina Wyman), and women in graduate studies (Natalie Zemon Davis).

In addition to letters, the files may contain articles, notes, memoranda, background documents and publications, and the occasional press clipping A few of the files contain historical items, dating back to 1887, that had belonged early graduates and were forwarded by their descendants, Professor Friedland’s correspondents. The detailed comments on the drafts of the book by the correspondents in this series may, for the most part, be found in Series 4.

Personal and Family

This series documents some of Professor Friedland’s personal and family activities, some partially covered in accession B2002-0023 and some not. Some of the material (birth certificate, old wills and passports, entries for Who’s Who and like publications) provide an overview of Professor Friedland’s activities at various times in his life. The files on his Toronto residences and his cottage (originally owned by W.P.M. Kennedy) document one aspect of the upward mobility of a prominent academic and writer. There is memorabilia in the form of selected greeting cards and files on trips taken over fifty years provide some insights on cultural and intellectual influences. Material on Arts and Law reunions and anniversaries at the University of Toronto, Cambridge University, and elsewhere provide additional comparisons of “then” and “now”.

The correspondence with members of Professor Friedland’s extended family focus on family affairs generally and on personal lives, including professional achievements and social activities, births, weddings and deaths. The most substantial files related to his children, Tom, Jennifer and Nancy, and his mother, Mina, who died in 2000. The large number of photographs provides visual documentation of the family spanning a century.

The files contain correspondence, appointment books, addresses, certificates and programmes, greeting cards and other memorabilia, legal documents, a memoir, notes, flyers, passports.. The records are grouped by activity and arranged, in the case of most of the correspondence, by the name of the family member to which it refers.

Friedland 2nd 2002 accession

Personal records of Martin L. Friedland, Professor and former Dean of Law, consisting of personal and professional correspondence, certificates, memoranda, notes, briefs, reports, and drafts of publications relating to his administrative and other activities in the Faculty of Law and other divisions at the University of Toronto, various legal organizations, his work as a consultant, and his writings.

The publications documented in depth are a comparison of jury selection in Canada and the United States, judicial independence in Canada, and the eighth edition of his casebook on criminal law. Dr. Friedland’s work as a consultant includes studies for the federal Somalia enquiry, the Criminal Justice Review Committee and the Office of the Attorney General of Ontario, and projects for other provincial and territorial governments. Other files document his activities as a member of the Board and Manuscript Review Committee of the University of Toronto Press, and a number of other organizations including the Canada-China Senior Judges Training program, the Osgoode Society, the Royal Society of Canada. Included are photographs and a video.

Personal

These boxes contain personal materials relating to my early years, my undergraduate years, various correspondence from and to family members and others, materials relating to the immediate family, files involving homes and other property that we owned, my income tax returns, other financial matters, and assorted other files.

There is relatively little material relating to my early years, including my high school years (files 3 and 4). I saved very little of that material. Similarly there is very little with respect to my University undergraduate years (files 5-16). There are no files relating to courses in Commerce and Finance (file 7). There are a few scattered things involving the university fraternity, the University College Literary and Athletic Society (UC “Lit”), U of T athletics, Hart House, and the Historical Club (files 6-13). A few postcards and letters and newspapers relate to the World University Service (WUS) trip to West Africa in the summer of 1955 and the many trips thumbing through the states while an undergraduate and law student (files 14 and 15). Material relating to my time at law school is contained in the “Law School” sub-series in Series 4.

I have included correspondence and other documents involving our children and the immediate family (files 17-27) and letters received from Judy’s and my folks while we were in Israel (files 28-30). Letters relating to our times in Cambridge are found in the boxes on Double Jeopardy and Law Reform (Series 5).

There are files relating to the purchase and sale of 169 Hillsdale, our first house, and the purchase and rentals while away of 77 Belsize Drive, our second house (files 31-38). There is also a file on the purchase and sale of property in Barrie, Ontario (file 39). I have not included at this time the material that I have on the purchase from Dean WPM Kennedy’s son, Frere, in 1983 of the Kennedy property in Kearney, Ontario, where our summer place is.

I have included a file relating to the estates of Ben and Sarah Garfield, Judy’s uncle and aunt, of which I was an executor (file 48). There are also other financial matters in the files, particularly my income tax returns for the years 1963-1992 (files 50 and 52-57).

Other miscellaneous files include records of the Public Lending Rights scheme (file 41), a Cambridge Boat Race Dinner speech that I gave in 1990 (file 42), some correspondence with Jewish groups (file 43), and various who’s who entries (file 40).

Personal and family

This series consists of files documenting Professor Friedland’s personal and family activities. It begins with a number of files documenting Friedland’s activities as a student and professor of law at the University of Toronto, his post-retirement professional and other activities. There follow files relating to members of his family, arranged by name, which focus broadly on family affairs and more specifically on personal lives, including professional and social activities, achievements, births, weddings and deaths. These are followed by other files containing correspondence sent home from England, Europe and Israel, and relating to the Friedland residences on Hillsdale Avenue and Belsize Drive.

The files contain correspondence, certificates, curriculum vitae, greeting cards, honours, notes, notices, legal documents such as passports and wills, medical reports, programmes, postcards, photographs, and press clippings (including obituaries).

Correspondence

The correspondence files in this series are arranged alphabetically by author. They document Professor Friedland’s activities as a friend, as a student advisor and thesis supervisor, as a colleague assisting in honours bestowed on his peers, as an author, and as an authority on legal matters. They also document the increased leisure that came with official retirement.

The correspondence touches on many aspects of Dr. Friedland’s life, both personal and professional. It reveals his enormous network of contacts in legal and academic circles ranging from Lord Denning down to lowly law students. The letters cover a wide range of topics and issues, including some very topical ones such as international terrorism. Dr. Friedland received numerous requests for references from students and colleagues and, because he sat on the manuscript review committee of the University of Toronto Press, he was also asked to evaluate many manuscripts.

Some of the files contain commentary on legal issues on which Dr. Friedland was working. They may also hold drafts of articles forwarded by colleagues for commentary or presented a complementary copies [published copies have been removed, though the appropriate references have been retained], letters of congratulation and of reference. There is also correspondence regarding and programmes of conferences, and correspondence re and programmes for installation ceremonies. There are numerous invitations to dinners and other events and tributes on the deaths of friends and colleagues and notes on any of the above. Also present are greeting cards and several photographs.

Research notes and documents

In his “Introduction” to this finding aid, Professor Friedland states that this series contains “some [my emphasis] of the research material collected over the past five years”; then describes the arrangement of the files. “Sub-series 7.1 consists of the spiral binders I used to make notes of what I was reading and how I planned to handle the material. Sub-series 2 contains the notes I made as I tackled each chapter. Sub-series 3 is the most extensive collection of material. In it, the subjects are set out in alphabetical order and include persons, places, institutions, and concepts. Individual files may include newspaper articles, research notes, obituaries, academic writings, and many other matters.” Professor Friedland threw out a large quantity of material before transferring his files to the University Archives: “Material that is bulky and easily found elsewhere has been excluded from the files. The series thus provides a unique source of information on topics which would take individual researchers many long days or weeks or months to gather themselves. University of Toronto publications, such as the University of Toronto Monthly, the Bulletin, and the various alumni magazines, were systematically gone through during the course of the project and copies of this material have been included in the relevant files.”

In sub-series 7.2, “Rough research notes”, the files are arranged by chapter (1-42). In sub-series 7.3, “Research materials”, the arrangement is alphabetical, “Abols – Zoology”.

The files, in whole or in part, that contain information not readily found elsewhere and that illustrate the process of research and writing have been retained. The large volume of photocopied material in the files when Professor Friedland turned them over to the University Archives has been substantially reduced. Much of it is already readily accessible in the University Archives, especially the identified textual records, indexed periodicals, and items from its biographical files (especially A1973-0026 and the ‘people files’) and ‘subject files’.

Entries from the widely available Dictionary of Canadian Biography have also not been kept, although entries from some difficult to locate biographical sources have been. Significantly annotated material and references to sources have been retained (some sources were added when the photocopies were culled), as has photocopied material from sources that would be otherwise very difficult for researchers to locate.

In the course of his research Professor Friedland made careful and extensive use of the files assembled by Robin Harris in the 1970s in his ultimately abandoned attempt to write the second of a proposed two-volume history of the University. Much of the material Professor Friedland’s researchers photocopied from this accession (A1983-0036) had earlier been copied from administrative and other sources in the U of T Archives. While references to files in this accession (and others) have been retained, the photocopies themselves, unless annotated, have been removed. Researchers should, in any case, ultimately refer to the original sources, where they are identified, in the University Archives.

Where deemed appropriate, photocopied material in volume has been retained. There are two principal occasions where this was done. First, Professor Friedland had
copied the complete run of Claude Bissell’s diaries and journals from 1934 to 1971, the year he stepped down as president of the University. These Friedland marked for further copying (the resulting elements were then used to bolster files about individuals, events, groups and organizations that were created by his researchers). Only the pages that were earmarked for further copying have survived culling; they contain the entries that were actually used throughout the manuscript and, with the ‘elements’ described above, provide a rough index to the diaries.

In the second instance, where indices do not exist items have largely been retained. Journals that are indexed in the University Archives include the student newspaper, the Varsity (1880-1931,1953-1973), University of Toronto Quarterly (up to 1937, thereafter in the Canadian periodicals index), University of Toronto monthly (1901-1948) and its successors, the Alumni Bulletin (1948-1956), Varsity Graduate (1948-1967), and the University of Toronto Graduate (1967-1972). The last’s successor, University of Toronto Magazine, has been searchable online since 1999. The Department of Development maintains a card index for the University of Toronto Bulletin, a journal about the activities of faculty and staff and events on campus, for the years 1980 to August 2000. As the card index to the Bulletin is not readily available to users, dated items from the years it covers have been kept, along with entries from earlier years. Recent years of the Bulletin are now available online.

Some of the files also contain research material, including correspondence, reports and publications, that were forwarded by individuals; these files are identified as discrete units and the material therein has, with few exceptions, been retained in its entirety. George Connell, for example, gave Professor Friedland two large binders of memos, reports, and addresses – some are original handwritten versions – from his years as president (see box 045). Some research material forwarded for use by the

History Project has been scattered throughout this series. The principal example here is the index cards compiled by James Greenlee while writing his biography of Sir Robert Falconer, president of the University from 1907 to 1932. These cards have been retained in their entirety and may be found in boxes 051 to 053 and in those files where the notation in the ‘date(s)’ field is [198-].

-Cassette audiotapes of an oral history interview by James Greenlee with Vincent Bladen have been removed from B2002-0022/042(03) to 001S and 002S;
-Cassette audiotapes of interviews by James Greenlee with Robert D. Falconer, dated 13 July and August 1979 have been removed from B2002-0022/050(12) to /003 - /010S
-A cassette audiotape has been removed from B2002-0022/077(14) - /011S

Research and publications

The first section of this series documents some of Professor Friedland’s activities regarding books and articles published before 2003, with updated files carried forward to 2013. While more extensive files pre-2003 writings are found in Series 5 of accession B2002-0023, the articles are found only in the accessions documented in this finding aid, B2003-0008 and B2014-0029.

The remainder of the series concentrates on several projects and their spin-off articles: Professor Friedland’s Detention Before Trial (1965), a study of the bail system; A Place Apart: Judicial Independence and Accountability in Canada (1995); ‘Access to the Law’ project, a major internet attempt to make law more accessible; the first and second editions (2003 and 2013) of his University of Toronto: A History; several articles published in Criminal Law Quarterly including ‘Criminal Justice in Canada Revisited’ (2004), ‘Searching for the Truth in the Criminal Justice System’ (2014), ‘Beyond a Reasonable Doubt: Does It Apply to Finding the Law’ (2015), and ‘Reflections on Criminal Justice Reform in Canada’ (2017); his memoirs, My Life in Crime and Other Academic Adventures (2007); his introductions to University of Toronto: The Campus Guide: An Architectural Tour (2010) and the 2014 republication of W. P. M. Kennedy’s The Constitution of Canada; and his Searching for W. P. M. Kennedy: the Biography of an Enigma (2020).

The ‘Access to the Law’ project, a follow-up on his 1975 book with the same title, did not go forward. The files document Professor Friedland’s efforts to realize the project, including lining up support, looking for a field for ideas on implementation, and his failure to convince the Mike Harris government to support it financially. Also included is a digital copy of the internet project.

The files on The University of Toronto: A History, written for the University’s 175th anniversary, complement those found in B2002-0022 relating to the first edition. They document not the writing of the book itself, but its launch and promotion, especially through Professor Friedland’s talks to University alumni groups across Canada and in selected cities in the United States, at conferences, and also through an exhibition in the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library. Also documented are individual readers’ comments on the book, including references to errors and suggestions for inclusions in any future editions. The correspondence, notes, memoranda, programmes, slides and photographs detail the issues that arose and how they were resolved. Some of Professor Friedland’s talks relating to this project are found in Series 8: Addresses.

The second edition (2013) incorporated a new introduction and corrections. Notes for and drafts of it are present here, along with promotional material, reviews, and an interview with Steve Paikin of TV Ontario. The correspondence with individuals to whom Professor Friedland sent drafts for feedback includes incisive comments and new material provided by many of them. Professor Friedland detailed his conversations with, in particular, senior administrators: Donald Ainslie, Christina Amon, Meric Gertler, Paul Gooch, George Luste, Scott Maybury, Cheryl Misak, Mayo Moran, David Naylor, Julia O’Sullivan, Robert Prichard, Deep Siani, Shaun Shepherd, Elizabeth Sisam, Franco Vaccarino, Catherine Whiteside, and Paul Young. He also created additional files on many of the academic and administrative divisions in the University; these parallel those found in accession B1998-0022 relating to the writing of The University of Toronto: A History.

The research, writing, and publication of Professor Friedland’s memoirs is documented in detail, including the hiring of research assistants and the reports they presented, the numerous drafts of the volume, and the negotiations with University of Toronto Press and the Osgoode Society for Canadian Legal History over its publication, distribution, and promotion. At the same time as he was starting work on his memoirs, Professor Friedland was asked to give the John Edwards Memorial Lecture for 2003, which was presented as ‘Criminal justice in Canada revisited’ and published under the same title. Most of the files relating to this project are in Series 8: Addresses, but those relating to its publication in the Criminal Law Quarterly are in this series. The publication was a somewhat revised version of a 15,000 word paper he prepared for the Lecture but not delivered.

The files on Professor Friedland’s introduction to the 2014 republication of W. P. M. Kennedy’s The Constitution of Canada by Oxford Press documents each stage of the project from its inception when Oxford Press reached out to Friedland to its publication and beyond including drafts, correspondence related to feedback before and after publication, and listings and reviews of the final product. After the publication of the introduction, Professor Friedland continued on to give several talks and write an extended biography on W. P. M. Kennedy.

The files related to Professor Friedland’s biography, Searching for W.P.M. Kennedy: The Biography of an Enigma (2020) primarily document the research, writing, and publication of his book through research notes; correspondence with research assistants, archivists, colleagues, and the U of T Press; funding applications; and drafts.

In addition to a number of files on articles, derived from the above projects, are other files dealing with various aspects of criminal law in Canada.

Results 1 to 50 of 1812