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Archival description
Ursula Martius Franklin fonds
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Photographs

Subseries consists of various portraits taken of Dr. Franklin, including photographs of her sitting at her microscope. Subseries also includes a couple family photos.

China

Subseries consists of records relating to Dr. Franklin’s trip to China for the International Conference of Early Metallurgy, including background and planning material, correspondence, reports, articles, and notebooks. Subseries also contains booklets, postcards and related to various historical sites and artifacts in China.

Papers

Subseries consists of papers written by Dr. Franklin for academic journals, magazines and books on a wide range of subjects, including physics, materials science, engineering, pacifism, politics, technology, feminism and education. Also includes some editorials written for newspapers. A list of publications (1950-1980) can be found in file B2015-0005/034(06). Files consist primarily of final copies of articles, although a few files do contain drafts and correspondence.

Publishing activities

Subseries consists of records relating to Dr. Franklin’s publishing activities. Files include correspondence, requests for work, author agreements, reviews and other records relating to publishing books and articles, rather than the texts themselves.

The Ursula Franklin Reader

Subseries consists primarily of files assembled for the publication of the Ursula Franklin Reader: Pacifism as a Map (Between the Lines, 2006), with the help of Michelle Swenarchuk and Ruth Pincoe. The book includes edited articles and talks that appear elsewhere in this fonds, but these files have been retained as they illustrate the process of selecting and editing from a large body of work to create a condensed volume of Dr. Franklin’s ideas. Records include drafts, notes and correspondence for each chapter. The subseries also includes reviews of the book, as well as correspondence and photographs relating to a number of book launches.

Media coverage and interviews

Subseries consists of records documenting Dr. Franklin’s appearance in newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and films. Records include press clippings, correspondence, interview transcripts, contracts, and advertising.

CBC programming

Subseries consists of documentation of Dr. Franklin’s involvement with CBC programming – in particular with CBC Ideas.

The first 6 files pertain to a CBC Ideas radio program on technology and democracy in Germany, produced by Max Allen. Preparations for the program began in 1974, and it was broadcast in 1978. The show discusses the issue of Beiufs Verbote, and the denial of employment and tenure to university teachers in Germany who were unwilling to partake in a loyalty oath. Ursula Franklin and Max Allen condensed 25 hours of German interviews by journalist Jurgen Hesse into five 1-hour programs. The German was translated by Ursula Franklin and the files contain texts in both German and English.

Subseries also includes transcripts for a number of other CBC Ideas shows, including Nuclear Peace (1982-1983), Cold War in Canada (1984), At Work in the Fields of the Bomb (1984), Telematics (1984), On the Northern Front (1985), New Ideas in Ecology and Economics (1986), Complexity and Management (1986), the Seven Deadly Sins (1989), and How the World Has Changed (2001).

Subseries also includes records relating to “Nuclear Dynamite,” a documentary on Project Plowshare for CBC’s “The Nature of Things”, including an interview transcript.

Massey Lectures: The Real World of Technology

Series consists of records relating to Dr. Franklin’s 1989 CBC Massey Lectures, The Real World of Technology, which was published by Anansi Press in 1992 (2nd edition, 1999). The bulk of the series documents Dr. Franklin’s preparation for the lectures, including notes and drafts. Records also include subject files and general resources on technology, promotional material for the lectures (including a poster), records relating to rights, lecture transcripts, proofs, and correspondence from individuals responding to the lectures.

General research files

Subseries consists of general research files that lack a definite connection to the particular roles/projects represented in the other subseries. These include references and experimental work related to the earliest occurrences of copper, experimental work on beads from the Negev and related correspondence with Prof. Oren of the University of the Negev. Also included are translations of Russian articles on copper finds in the Caucasus.

Ontario Research Foundation and the Royal Ontario Museum

Subseries consists of records pertaining to Dr. Franklin’s work with the Ontario Research Foundation (ORF), primarily for the Royal Ontario Museum. Dr. Franklin worked at the Ontario Research Foundation from 1951-1967, first as a Research Fellow and later as a Senior Research Scientist Her work there centered on the use of microscopic and x-ray data to reveal new information about museum objects. Records include data, micrographs, reports, papers, and correspondence. Papers and research pertain to dating museum objects by metallurgical means, Indian pigments, Chinese pigments and bronzes, and arrowheads.

Subseries also includes 2 photographs of the ORF staff, ca. 1954.

Chinese black mirrors

Subseries consists of records relating to Dr. Franklin’s research on Chinese black mirrors. Records include data, research, micrographs, reports, papers, manuscript drafts, and correspondence.

Collegium Archaeometricum

Subseries consists of records relating to The Collegium Archaeometricum, an interdisciplinary group of scholars from the University of Toronto and the Royal Ontario Museum engaged in teaching and research in archaeometry. Dr. Franklin served as the Director of the Collegium from 1980-1987. Records include correspondence and planning documents, seminar announcements, and meeting minutes.

Museum of Carthage Project

Subseries consists of records relating to Dr. Franklin’s work with the University of Toronto-Museum of Carthage Project, along with that of the project field director, Vanda Vitali. The group undertook conservation of the Punic Collection at the Museum of Carthage and public education of local Tunisians. The group also developed museum displays that highlighted the conservation work done by the museum on the artifacts exhibited. This work is documented in a film, Carthage: Witness to the Past. Records include background material, documentation of funding from CIDA, collection reviews, reports, notes, exhibition material, and a publication entitled “Salvage conservation at the Museum of Carthage: a manual for artifact conservation.” There are also some records relating to the launch of the documentary film.

Science Council of Canada: Conserver Society

Subseries consists of records relating to Dr. Franklin’s activities as a member of the Science Council of Canada (SCC), especially her service as chair of the committee eventually responsible for SCC’s Report Number 27: Canada as a Conserver Society.

According to Dr. Franklin, what makes these records particularly significant is their documentation of an attempt by the committee to develop an energy future for Canada by two people of very different philosophical approaches. The committee asked Amery Lovins to develop one such scenario and asked Dr. E. Stoian and others of the Science Council Staff to critique the paper by Dr. Lovins and produce an alternative scenario. Unfortunately the exercise was not as helpful as had been hoped for, largely because of the inability of those critical of Dr. Lovins to clearly state their assumptions. The discussion is documented in the material in the folder B1996-0004/027(11) (“Lovins and Stoian discussions”). It is probably the only still existing documentation of this research attempt.

Underlying the discussions is a fundamental power struggle related to the different approaches to energy policy expressed by the two committees and their respective communities. Bruneau’s committee dealt essential with the problem of possible energy shortages from the supply side: trying to develop a spectrum of energy supplies regardless of environmental or physical costs, or the energy costs of producing energy. The approach of the Conserver Society essentially dealt with modifying the demand side of the problem, noting how much waste and inappropriate usage is created by the availability of cheap energy. However, the power of the energy industry, including the nuclear establishment, weighed heavily on the self-interest of the supply solution.

Subseries also includes records of discussion around the council’s population report. These led to a minority statement by Dr. Fernand Seguin and Dr. Franklin. Dr. Seguin subsequently resigned on matters of principal from the council. The subseries also includes a file on a 1982 symposium on The Conserver Society Revisited.

Also included is the report on the Conserver Society by the Montreal based Gamma Group. Although the Council and the Group were in touch with each other, the studies proceeded somewhat side-by-side since the work of the Council was primarily policy-oriented. Yet, the public as well as the professional discussions took both documents seriously into account.

Records in this series provide significant documentation of the group and include background material, reports, correspondence, newsletters, media coverage, workshop material, discussion papers, and presentations. The series also includes general subject files on the environment.

Commission of Inquiry on Aluminum Wiring

Subseries consists of records relating to Dr. Franklin’s preparations for the hearings of Ontario’s Commission of Inquiry on Aluminum Wiring, at which she gave testimony. The 18-month Commission, chaired by John Tuzo Wilson, was responsible for determining whether aluminum wiring was safe for residential use. Records include background papers and publications, research notes, copies of government memos and orders-of-council, news clippings, and correspondence from John Tuzo Wilson, concerned citizens, researchers, and others investigating this issue. A later file also includes correspondence and background material relating to a 1981 court case regarding wiring.

National Research Council (NRC)

This small subseries consists of records relating to Dr. Franklin’s service as a board member of the National Research Council, and member of the Council Committee on Personnel, Committee on Grants and Scholarships, and Committee on Allocations. Records include a program from the 1932 official opening of the National Research Laboratories, the commemorative issue from the 300th meeting of the National Research Council of Canada. Subseries also includes documentation of the NRC visit to the Defence Research Establishment at Valcartier in 1982, including the visit program, a fact sheet, and a photograph. There is also documentation of the 51st Executive Committee of Council Meeting, in 1983. Lastly, one file consists of correspondence, budget reports, memos, papers, minutes and notes relating to planning and the future of the NRC in 1986-1987.

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)

Subseries consists of records relating to Dr. Franklin’s work with the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). Records include letters of invitation, as well as records relating to the Canadian Global Change Program (International Geosphere-Biosphere Program), including correspondence, proposals, and a report of the Ad Hoc Review Committee, 1989.

Subject files and background material

Subseries consists of general subject files and background material on the environment, energy issues, and renewable energy. Topics include environmental activism, groups, conferences, publications, and letters; energy research and planning; energy scenarios for the future; broadening Canada’s energy supply options; renewable energy; solar energy; and wind energy. Records include publications, newsletters, correspondence, news clippings, and brochures.

Nuclear technologies

Subseries consists of records relating to a wide variety activities pertaining to Dr. Franklin’s concerns around nuclear energy and technologies. Records include news clippings, correspondence, minutes, copies of government records, submissions, and reports.

Files document a 1996 panel on nuclear waste management, to which Dr. Franklin made an oral presentation and written submission, on behalf of VOW. A number of files pertain to the MOX (mixed oxide fuel) forum, which challenged the disposition of Russian and U.S. plutonium in Ontario generating stations. Other files reflect opposition to Canada’s sales of CANDU reactors to other nations.

Atomic Energy Control Board

In 1985, the Mulroney government appointed Dr. Franklin to the Atomic Energy Control Board, a 5-member board that directed an agency of 285 employees “charged with protecting the Canadian public against the consequences of a nuclear mishap.” One day later, she was told the invitation had been withdrawn, and the public speculated that it was due to her anti-nuclear stance, of which the government was somehow previously unaware. Records in this subseries provide significant documentation of this controversy, includin the original letter of appointment and subsequent correspondence with Pat Carney (Minister of Energy, Minutes and Resources), letters from supporters, news clippings, a petition, copies of House of Commons Debates, and background information on nuclear issues.

Source for quote: “Politicians may be part of country’s nuclear problem – and solution” in the Ottawa Citizen, 6 July 1985. p. B5.

Voice of Women and Hydro Ontario

Subseries documents the Voice of Women’s participation in public hearings on the future demands of electricity for Ontario: The Ontario Hydro Demand/Supply Plan Hearings. VOW was the only women’s organization as well as the only peace organization asking for intervener status at the inquiry. Because VOW received funding as interveners, they were able to retain part-time legal counsel and raise a number of issues that would otherwise have not been discussed. Although the inquiry was prematurely discontinued, much of the evidence brought before the panel by the interveners became part of the revised strategy of the next Ontario government.

Subseries also includes more general files on Ontario Hydro, including publications, news clippings, records relating to the sale of tritium.

General

Subseries consists of various records relating to administrative matters at the University of Toronto, including the Peace Studies Program, the IHPST Council, the Confucian Institute, and a proposed Science Policy and Economics Centre.

Subseries also documents various advocacy done at the University of Toronto, including efforts for university divestment from South Africa (1986); opposition to the awarding of an honorary degree to Helmut Kohl (Chancellor of Germany from 1982-1988); work done with Pollution Probe; the National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women; the inquiry into alleged discrimination against Dr. Kin-Yip Chun at the University of Toronto; andthe teaching assistant strike (1991?). There is also a subject file on the university and research policy (1988-1998)

Subseries also includes 2 photographs: a portrait of Anna Jameson, the first and founding executive secretary for the Institute of Biomedical Engineering, and a photo of Dr. Franklin with Betty Isbister, Michelle Landsburg, Rose Wolf and 2 unidentified women at the 20th anniversary of women at Hart House (1993).

Research Board and SLOWPOKE Reactor

Subseries consists of correspondence with the Chairs of the University Research Board (1979-1983), regarding university research policy, requests for funds, and a request to Dr. Franklin to serve on a panel regarding particular research proposals.

Subseries also includes minutes from the SLOWPOKE Reactor Committee and the SLOWPOKE Subcommittee on Quality Control and Automation of Data Handling (1986).

Massey College

Subseries consists of records relating to Massey College, especially those during Dr. Franklin’s time as one of the College’s Senior Fellows (1989-). Records include the College’s Incorporating Statute (1961), various correspondence (1990-2002), a list of Officers (1995), and various event files.

Records also discuss Senior Fellow nominations (1999), the Senior Residents Policy (2005), and the Clarkson Laureateship (2007-2012).

Lawsuit

Dr. Franklin was one of a group of retired female faculty members who filed a class action lawsuit against the University of Toronto, for paying women less than men. The lawsuit was settled in 2002 and around 60 retired female faculty members received a pay equity settlement. Files in this subseries contain 2 press clippings on the lawsuit.

Awards

Subseries consists of records relating to various awards given to Dr. Franklin. Records include correspondence, ceremony invitations and programs, acceptance speech notes and texts, letters of congratulations, photographs, certificates, awards and plaques.

Honorary degrees

Subseries consists of records relating to honorary degrees awarded to Dr. Franklin. Records include correspondence, programmes, congratulatory letters, notes for convocation addresses, photographs, and oversized diplomas. Subseries also includes correspondence regarding declined degrees.

Early family life and letters

Subseries consists of records documenting Dr. Franklin’s family and early life. The first file is a scrapbook on the history of the Martius family, dating back to the 15th century. The scrapbook includes a long paper, in German, on the history of the family, as well as captioned photographs and postcards. Series also includes a diary, written in German, from 1945. The bulk of the subseries consists of correspondence sent to and from Dr. Franklin, primarily after she moved to Canada. There are many letters between Dr. Franklin and her family in Germany, as well as letters to friends and colleagues.

The subseries concludes with records documenting Dr. Franklin’s attempts to sponsor her mother’s immigration to Canada in 1949.

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