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Archival description
University of Toronto Archives and Records Management Services (UTARMS) Series
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Graphic material

Includes images documenting machinery for induction heating at the Ajax Magnethermic Corporation and views of other plants and machinery such as Davey United of Sheffield England and Washington Steel. A series of slides document research-taking place in the University of Toronto, Electronic Engineering Department in 1966. There are a few views of Biringer at work.

Manuscripts and publications

During the course of his academic and scientific career, Dr. Biringer published over 130 papers. The range of his interests is well represented in this series as it contains about 95 of them. The earliest is 1951, when he was still living in Sweden; the last on file is dated 1987. In addition there are two papers from the 1940s by Swedish academics, one of whom was later a co-author.

Most of the papers in the series are in the form of offprints or photocopies, but there are a number of manuscripts. More than one version of the same paper is also sometimes present.

Professional organizations

Dr. Biringer belonged to many professional and scientific organizations, of which two are represented here. He reviewed conference and transactions papers for the American Institute of Electrical Engineers; the file contains lists and notes for the period 1960-1964. His research made him a natural supporter of the Canadian Iron and Steel Research Association, which was formed in 1978, from which he retained early documents on the Association’s activities.

Patent files

Over the years, Dr. Biringer took out many patents on his inventions. Between 1954 and 1969, for example, he registered twenty-six in Canada, France, Mexico, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States.

This series contains copies of most of those he registered between 1954 and 1973. In addition there are several folders of patents in his areas of expertise that had been registered by other inventors between 1914 and 1965.

Consultant's files

Professor Biringer's expertise was much sought after in industry and he had long term relationships with a number of companies in Canada, the United States, Germany, and Sweden, several of which are represented in this series. He was involved in the design of electrical systems for steel mills and smelters for Hatch Associates of Toronto. Ajax Magnethermic Corporation of Ajax, Ontario and elsewhere and General Engineering Company of Toronto sought his expertise in the development of induction heating equipment and supplies. Other areas in which he provided expertise included power supply design, the design of frequency changers, speed control systems, transformer design, and airport lighting systems.

This series consists of correspondence, research notes, experimental data, reports, and articles. The arrangement is by the name of the companies with which he had contracts.

Lecture notes

Dr. Biringer was appointed an assistant professor in the Department of Electical Engineering in 1957 and a full professor in 1965. During his career, he supervised twenty doctoral students.

The lecture notes and problem sets in this series apply to courses given to undergraduate and graduate classes between 1965 and 1990. There is a single file for a lecture given at Memorial University in 1989. The lectures are not necessarily complete for any year and there are none for the academic years 1965-1967, 1968-1971, 1972-1974 and 1975-1976.The arrangement is chronological.

Course notes

After receiving his MA in Sweden, Paul Biringer came to the University of Toronto as a doctoral student in electrical engineering. He received his PhD in 1956.

The single file in this series consists of problem sets and an examination in the course "power system stability” for the 1952-1953 academic year.

Research notes

Over the course of forty years, Dr. Biringer established himself as leading researcher in electrical engineering, especially in the areas of non-linear circuits, electromet and electroheat processes. These notes appear to have been taken for his own research, for use in lectures and in relation to his numerous consulting activities. Additional notes, related directly to lectures being given or to consulting activities, appear in those series.

His earliest research is not represented in this series which contains notes, experimental data, and a few articles relating to particular research topics. The principal areas covered are arc furnaces, channel induction furnaces, heating coils, electron beams, electro-magnetic stirring, and frequency changers.

Research Files (general)

Consists of general research files used by Dr. Paul A. Bator in the writing of his Within Reach of Everyone, a history of the School of Hygiene.

Reports

This series contains two reports belonging to Dr. Baker relating to First Nations native health care: “First Nations child health care study. Final Report” produced by staff at McMaster University in 1992 and “Sioux Lookout First Nations Health Authority. Final Report I: Health Needs Assessment” by T. Kue Young (1995).

External professional activities

For most of his active career, Dr. Baker was involved with organizations related to his specialty in paediatrics and later, Indigenous health. This series contains files documenting his involvement with the Canadian Paediatric Society including his chairmanship of the Indian and Inuit Health Committee. These files include minutes of meetings, drafts of papers, notes and correspondence. Also included are files on the Council of Faculties of Medicine of Ontario and the Northern Ontario Committee which he chaired from 1992 to 1997. There is also one file of the Canadian Psychiatric Association relating to a meeting in September 1989.

Academic activities

This series consists of files documenting some of Dr. Baker’s teaching and writing activities mainly produced during his years at the University of Toronto. There are two files containing drafts, notes and correspondence relating to Native Health lectures given to 2nd year medical students in January 1993. These are followed by four files containing drafts of papers on the history of the Sioux Lookout Program, as well as health issues faced by Indigenous communities in the north, and children’s health concerns.

Subject files – Sioux Lookout Program

This series consists of files documenting some of the activities relating to this program. These include the Child Abuse Workshop, Indigenous health care including the NODIN Mental Health care services, orientation manual for visiting medical staff and visiting professorships. Files may include correspondence, reports, notes, presentation drafts, etc.

Correspondence and notes

This series contains files of correspondence and working notes regarding activities relating to the Sioux Lookout Program and external activities with such organizations such as the Council on Faculties of Medicine. Also included are Dr. Baker’s personal diaries notes for the period 1989 to 1992.

Personal /biographical

This series contains four files relating to personal and biographical information prepared by Dr. Baker. It includes curriculum vitae, brief biographical summary, correspondence relating to his appointment and salary at the University of Toronto, sabbatical leave in 1993, and personal correspondence.

Teaching

The records consist of files relating to graduate courses only: GGR 441ES Images of Cities, GGR 1549 Readings in theoretical geography, and JGS 340Y (1987-88) Concepts, methods and values in urban studies. Records include lecture notes, class assignments, examinations and reading lists.

Administration

The records in this series contain the working papers of Prof. Andrews as a member of the Planning and Priorities Subcommittee of the Planning and Resources Committee of Governing Council from 1976 through his period as Chair (1978-1980). The Subcommittee was established on September 23, 1976 to replace the Planning Subcommittee for the academic session 1976-1977. Included are copies of agenda, reports, original correspondence and notes taken at meetings. Since Prof. Andrews also represented Erindale College, files relating to the College’s submissions to this Subcommittee will also be found.

Photographs

B2003-0024/001P:

  • Photographs and slides, unidentified and identified, relating to research projects and writings, with no associated textual records. Includes photos for Anderson’s 1968 paper, “The Serpent Mounds site physical anthropology”, Royal Ontario Museum Arts and Archaeology Division Occasional Paper 11.

B2003-0024/002P:

  • Basal view of skulls (6), including El Risco and Donaldson sites
  • “Dallas”, site 117 (?). Two panels of six cranial photos each

Research files

Consists of notes, field notes, infracranial and cranial forms, reports, tables, correspondence, diagrams, and photos relating to archaeological digs and associated research projects.

For “Indian skeleton” plates 48, 49, 55 and 61 see B2003-0024/005(01)-(04).
For most of the other plates in this set, see B2004-0009.

Photographs and slides

B2007-0018 and B2012-0012 contain several hundred photographs and negatives taken by Lee and document his research on the !Kung San. They include portraits of individuals, images of village life, hunting, ceremonies, rituals etc.. There are also slides taken during field trips to Botswana, Kenya, South Africa, Rhodesia and several others African countries . There are also slides of an early field trip to a native reserve at Heron Bay in 1960 on the North shore of Lake Superior. Finally, there is one file of images taken at the New Native Resistance symposium in Toronto in 1972.

In B2019-0017 contains mainly photographs used in several of his books as well as portraits, informal shots of Lee with colleagues, teaching and at conferences.

Audio Visual records

Sound recordings and video in B2007-0018 mainly document Prof. Lee’s research from the mid 1960s to 1972. Reel to reel tapes contain interviews, testimonies with !Kung San bushmen, talks given by Lee on this very topic, taped vocabulary lists of the !Kung San people’s language, native music from Botswana and one radio interview with Prof. Lee. Two videos document a discussion among women academics on the role of women in a hunter and gatherer society. Finally, two tapes contain a partial recording of the symposium of Political Struggles of Native Peoples, organized by Prof. Lee in 1972.

Sound recordings and video in B2019-0017 also documents his early research and include field recordings from 1964 and 1969. However most recordings are of Lee giving various lectures and talks in the 1980s and 1990s including a full set of this lectures for ANT 363 Origin of the State.

Biographical

This small series brings together records about Lee or that recognize his achievements. These include summary of activities, cv, letters of appointments, honours, awards, clipping about Lee and memorabilia.

Film and Television Projects

This small series contains correspondence, notes, scripts and transcripts documenting Lee’s involvement in several film and television productions all focusing on the !Kung San. These include the following:

  • TV Ontario program ‘Sociology’ in the 1970s (Lee was interviewed)
  • BBC production featuring Richard Leakey “Search for Man” 1980 (Lee appeared on location in Botswana in episodes 5 and 7)
  • CBC documentary with David Suzuki “The Chain of Life” (Lee was a consultant)
  • Documentary film “Yo-Yo Ma and the Kalahari Bushmen’1993 (Lee was consultant on location in Namibia)

Grants

This series consists of grant proposals and their resulting paperwork, primarily from the Canada Council and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council. These include grants for Prof. Lee’s work in Africa.

Student Notebooks

These are Prof. Lee’s notebooks from when he was a student. Many of his instructors are well known in the field of anthropology or worked with Lee during his career. For some of them, their records are also held by the University of Toronto. Instructors include:, Ronald Cohen, Dr. C. D. Ellis, J.N. Emerson, Dr. Nathan Keyfitz, Dr. Thomas F. MacIlwraith, Cranford Pratt, Dr. James W. Vanstone, Dr. Fred W. Voget.

University of Toronto and the Department of Anthropology

This series documents Lee’s administrative work and dealings with the Department of Anthropology including organizing the colloquium series at various times. He helped organize the Symposium on Sir Daniel Wilson in 1984 and was active on the Undergraduate Curriculum Committee and the Repatriation Committee. Records relating to his appointments as Chair of the African Studies Programme Committee (1974-1976 and 1991-1994) and the Women’s Studies Committee (1977-1979) are also found in this series. Files may correspondence, memos, minutes, agenda, reports, notes, flyers, invitations, position papers and planning documents.

Teaching

This series consists of course files containing both draft and typed lectures as well as course materials such as outlines, reading lists and assignments. His entire teaching career and the evolution of his interests and expertise are well documented in this series which includes courses taught at Harvard University (1965-1970), Rutgers University (1970-1972) and the University of Toronto Department of Anthropology (1972 - ). There are also some early course files for African Studies and Women’s Studies.

Of note, is Lee’s ANT 363 Origin of the State which he also taught at the Toronto Marxist Institute (1982, 1985). This series contains his lectures but also a typescript for an unpublished book based on the course content. He developed a course around his research around 9/11 and later around his interest in HIV/Aids in southern Africa. By the 2000s, he was teaching The Anthropology of Health, HIV Aids in Africa and a Medical Anthropology Graduate Seminar.

This series also contains a small number of files Lee kept on the graduate students he supervised. These are restricted.

Professional Associations and Meetings

This series documents Prof. Lee’s activities in several associations and professional groups throughout his career. Some of the key professional associations include: American Anthropology Association, Canadian Ethnology Society/ société Canadienne d’éthnologie (CESCE), Canadian Sociology and Anthropology Association, Kalahari People’s Fund, Anthropologists for a Radical Political Action. Files can contain correspondence, memos, reports, agenda, minutes, notes from meeting or talks, planning documents.

Of particular note and significance to the field of anthropology and to Lee’s role within the profession is documentation on some early 1970s events and developments.

  • The 1971 AAA meeting marked with controversy over the Thailand Report and the issue of funding sources for anthropological research
  • The Anthropologists for Radical Political Action (ARPA) - a result of the above controversy and of which Lee was a founding member.
  • The 1972 AAA meeting, held in Toronto - Lee organized the Political Struggles of Native Peoples Symposium (also referred to as New Native Resistance symposium) as well as the China Symposium.
  • The 1972 Canadian Inter-University Seminar on economic and underdevelopment in Canada’s north - first proposed by Prof. Lee along with Professors Bill Kemp and Harvey Feit of McGill, these proposed multi-discipline meetings were a reaction to the concern of American dominance over disciplines such as anthropology.
  • The Conference on Hunting and Gathering Peoples and National Development organized by Lee in 1976 as Chair of the African Studies Programme Committee

There is also extensive documentation on the Conference on Hunting and Gathering Societies (CHAGS). This meeting was held internationally every 2nd year and Lee was an active participant and organizer.

The associations and groups documented in this series shed light on Lee’s research interest and his political activism which were interconnected.

Papers, talks and published works

This series represents the output of Lee’s research through most of his career and include drafts and typescripts of books and chapters in books, published papers, unpublished papers presented a conferences and professional meetings, articles, reviews and talks. Files in this series not only include draft of these works but also, for more significant publications, there are contracts, correspondence with publishers and reviews.

B2007-0018 contains the original manuscript of Prof. Lee’s acclaimed The !Kung San: Men and Women and Work in a Foraging Society. This book was included in a list by American Scientist of important books in science for the 20th century. Under the category of “The Nature and the Rise of our own Species”, Lee’s book shares the list with books by Sigmund Freud, Mary Leaky, Noam Chomsky and Ivan P. Pavlov to name but a few.
Earlier drafts of some the chapters of The !Kung San can also be found in B2012-0012 along with various other papers.

B2019-0017 contains the greatest extent and variations of works from 1969 – 2011 and reflect his evolving interest over his career.

Kalahari Research Group

This series documents the work of various members of the Kalahari Research Group from about 1963 to 1974. It consists of files arranged alphabetically by the name of the principal researchers in the Kalahari Research Group as well as a second run of files for related researchers. These files contain correspondence with both Lee and among other group members that discuss meetings, research, publications and field work. They also contain original reports, papers, research data, grant applications and some off prints.

Also included in this series is a collected set of papers, some published, others unpublished that represent the work of the entire group from about 1965 to 1975. These are numbered 1 to 109 are arranged in this order. Some include drafts with notes by Prof. Lee.

Research

This series contains research records such as field notes, data sets, notes and drafts of the beginnings of papers, correspondence and planning documents relating to research activities.

B2007-0018 contains the most extensive set of field notebooks. Acquired in this accession were the copies for his two earliest field excursions among the !Kung San in 1963-64 and again in 1967-69. An original set of the 1963-64 set as well as his 1973 field trip notebooks were acquired as part of B2019-0017 donation, with the odd one missing from the series. For a complete list see Appendix 2. B2007-0018 also included original collected data on height and weight of the !Kung San. This originates in both hand written spread sheets and in collated computer data printouts for the years 1967-1971. Finally there is a vocabulary card list, and one box of files with transcripts of interviews with Lee, newspaper clippings

B2012-0012 acquisition provided additional notebooks, primary field research, data, and supplementary research to his initial and later research fields.

B2019-0017 contained some of the original field notebooks as described above and in appendix 2. This accession also contains Lee’s extensive research organized into the book chapters for The !Kung San (1979). These files are followed by later research in the 1980s and 1990s relating to his areas of expertise on the indigenous peoples of Namibia and Botswana. There are also extensive files documenting his shifting interest in medical anthropology and the social cultural aspects of HIV/Aids in southern Africa Research files document his leadership and active involvement in the Fogerty / University of Namibia program.

Correspondence

This series is made up of various correspondence runs in all three accessions that overlap both in terms of correspondent and time period. Each accession contains both chronological runs of correspondence and alphabetical runs as reflected in Lee’s own arrangement. The correspondence is incoming and outgoing and is both a professional and personal nature.

Correspondence in B2007-0018 focuses on Lee’s early career mainly dating from 1965-1975 and especially documents his field work and research in the late 1960s as part of the Kalahari Research Project. There is also correspondence with colleagues and students commenting on his publications, requesting information and advice, requesting his participation at talks and seminar and other professional meetings. The bulk of correspondence in this accession is filed by correspondent’s name and, this accession in particular, has a separate run of files with more famous people and people Lee himself highlighted as influential in his professional development. These include Canadian author Margaret Atwood, the famous astronomer Carl Sagan as well as fellow anthropologists Kathleen Gough, Elenor Leacock, Philip Tobias and Bruce Trigger to list a few.

B2012-0012 contains only an alphabetical series focusing on the period from the mid 1970s to the mid 1990s. Many of the names reappear from the previous accession. These include with well known anthropologists such as Carl Heider (Brown University / University of Southern California), Adam Kuper (University College, London), Mary Leakey, Sidney Mintz (Yale University), Sherwood Washburn (Harvard University and Lee’s advisor) and Eric Wolf (City University of New York).

B2019-0017 has an alphabetical run by name but also contains extensive correspondence that Lee chose to file chronologically.

For all accruals, letters of recommendation and support are files as part of this series at the end.

Law school activities

The records in this series document Professor Friedland’s activities as a student, professor of law, and as an administrator in his capacity as dean of the Faculty of Law at the University of Toronto.

Personal and Family

This series documents some of Professor Friedland’s personal and family activities, some partially covered in accession B2002-0023 and some not. Some of the material (birth certificate, old wills and passports, entries for Who’s Who and like publications) provide an overview of Professor Friedland’s activities at various times in his life. The files on his Toronto residences and his cottage (originally owned by W.P.M. Kennedy) document one aspect of the upward mobility of a prominent academic and writer. There is memorabilia in the form of selected greeting cards and files on trips taken over fifty years provide some insights on cultural and intellectual influences. Material on Arts and Law reunions and anniversaries at the University of Toronto, Cambridge University, and elsewhere provide additional comparisons of “then” and “now”.

The correspondence with members of Professor Friedland’s extended family focus on family affairs generally and on personal lives, including professional achievements and social activities, births, weddings and deaths. The most substantial files related to his children, Tom, Jennifer and Nancy, and his mother, Mina, who died in 2000. The large number of photographs provides visual documentation of the family spanning a century.

The files contain correspondence, appointment books, addresses, certificates and programmes, greeting cards and other memorabilia, legal documents, a memoir, notes, flyers, passports.. The records are grouped by activity and arranged, in the case of most of the correspondence, by the name of the family member to which it refers.

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